The Facility s Risk Management Program - 1127 Words

Running head: SLP 4 Richard Jenkins 1 SLP 4 Richard Jenkins 6 Describe and discuss the facility s Risk Management program. Do you feel their Risk Management program is adequate? Compare and critique the subject facility s Risk Management program to that of a model facility and whether the facility adheres to the recognized standard for risk management. Identify areas for improvement in the facility s Risk Management program, if any, and any recommendations you think should be implemented to lower risks in the facility. Give valid reasons for your answer. Richard Jenkins Trident University Introduction Mercy Hospital is a full service healthcare facility located in Portland, Maine. The risk management policy†¦show more content†¦The plan also identifies that risk management staff education will also be performed periodically via declared Health and Safety representatives, incident reports, complete action plans, staff feedback, and meetings. They have also identified the required evaluation methods necessary to complete the risk plan implemented. The plan also lists associated documentation both external and internal that also have effect within the plan. The Mercy Health risk management plan also lists some process examples for risk identification. The plan effectively identifies two primary modes of risk assessment: likelihood of occurrence with associated consequences and the severity associated as well. They?ve created an effective and clear table that associates different likelihoods with severities and assigning numerical codes to them on a 4-point system with a 1 score being the most severe and 4 being the most minimal. They have also implemented a consequence table with labeled severities from minimal to severe which also includes specific incidents/consequences. They then take the scores from the likelihood and consequence tables and multiply them together to achieve the Severity Assessment Code (SAC). They have classified differing levels of SACs. Each corresponding to a different severity and necessary action plan. They then have established aShow MoreRelatedThe Potential Of Risk Within Healthcare1312 Words   |  6 PagesThe potential of risk within healthcare is a high factor concern when dealing with hundreds of patients, staff, and the organization as a whole. Defining what risk is and the level of importance it represents is the first objectives taken on when risk is presumed. Risk within a healthcare facility is when anybody inside the organization or the organization itself is somehow put in harm s way due t o ill practice or internal error residing in the hospital. Proper risk Management defined in healthcareRead MoreThe Delivery Of Health Services1120 Words   |  5 Pages Mark’s Hospital Risk Management Plan assists in achieving this goal by continually identifying and reducing risk exposures to all members of our hospital community in accordance with applicable federal and state statutes and regulations, as well as the standards set forth by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Purpose The purpose of the St. Mark s Hospital Risk Management Plan is to outline the operational functions of the Risk Management Program inthrough assistingRead MoreThe Effects Of Incarceration On The Social Of African American Juveniles1487 Words   |  6 Pagespeople in America s juvenile justice system, those who are in custody require more educational services that can help develop their educational skills. Foster, Williamson, and Buchannon (2004) reported on a successful reading program that was implemented at a juvenile detention. The programs outcome obtained higher literacy scores and greater likeness for reading. This program recognized the learning disabilities of juveniles in the detention center, and designed a program to address those disabilitiesRead MoreCurriculum Strengths and Weaknesses1333 Words   |  6 Pagesstrengths and weaknesses of the curriculum were assessed and are explained below. Besides this, recommendations are also provided for improving the physical ed ucation curriculum of the school. Strengths and weaknesses of the school physical education program The school-community environment was examined and the quality of the environment was considered to be moderately strong. The awareness of the mission/philosophy statement of the school is strong, but the classroom instruction does not seem to beRead MoreCounseling And Parent Support Workers At Together Lives Change ( Tlc )1236 Words   |  5 Pages1. History of Agency: Since 2007, the dedicated counselors and parent support workers at Together Lives Change (TLC) have been supporting families by helping to provide support planning and family asset management. Their goal is to help families find better ways to manage family life. They assist with preventing or eliminating the need for out of home placement of children by enhancing parental functioning. The agency’s mission is to strengthen and improve lives with a strong emphasis on preventionRead MoreSports Activity And Facility Overview1513 Words   |  7 PagesSport activity and facility overview Facility Overview Our facility is an indoor BMX Park that has a drop-in program. Provided at our facility are ramps, grind rails, plywood jumps, a foam pit, a change room, snack bar and a repair station. Program Overview At our indoor BMX park, the only program we have is a drop-in program, this program runs from when we open at 12 pm to when we close at 10 pm. The main demographic of our participants is between the ages of 13-21, all other ages are still welcomeRead MoreThe Small Business Act Of 19531733 Words   |  7 Pagesit applies to all purchases that exceed the micro-purchase threshold. Since KSI is a small business intruding to deal mainly with the navy and has al the necessary qualifications as set aside by the HUBZone it can associate to participate in this program . K. Smith, Inc. (KSI) a small floor refinishing business that provides a specialty coating product for ceramic tile and marble floors. KSI is a Jacksonville based flooring contractor that has chosen residential new homes as their niche. Water TubesRead MoreThe Policy Of Any Correctional Facility977 Words   |  4 Pages(legal-dictonary.com). The policy of any correctional facility is a written document outlining the specific behaviors that are prohibited to the inmates. It notifies the inmates of the rules and regulations they are responsible to follow. When prisoner are taken into a correctional facility, they must pass through an intake system in order to be classified according to what their assessment infers. Classifications in corrections began in the late 1850’s by a man named Sir Walte r Crofton. Back in theseRead MoreCase Study: the Merger of Two Hospitals1681 Words   |  7 PagesCompeting Hospitals 1. What specific steps should the board take to create an executive team to manage the newly organization? Appointing a management team that can rightfully represent both institutions needs to be the primary concern of the board in creating a new executive team. It will be important to keep in mind that upper management within Banner Regional Medical Center (BRMC) had recently changed due to the exit of several key members; the new representation should reflect this changeRead MoreChallenges Facing Sports Facilities Managers1266 Words   |  6 PagesChallenges Facing Sports Facility Managers Planning and managing a sport venue during any event can be challenging even to the most seasoned facility managers. There are many factors that a facility manager must consider in order to ensure the event is a success. Success of an event can be measured in many ways across a wide array of topics; two of which are crowd management and alcohol management. Having a solid plan and operational controls in place for both can lead to a fun and safe environment

Mattel Toys Recall Case - 1068 Words

Mattel’s Motivations for Outsourcing Companies outsource for a variety of reasons. Most companies primarily outsource manufacturing, labor-intensive jobs to companies located in developing countries at a lower cost. If quality level is maintained, outsourcing can be a great value-added strategy. Through outsourcing, companies can achieve flexibility and are able to focus on their main business. Outsourcing may also enable companies to have access to resources and technology, which may be not have been available locally. Furthermore, expertise in risk management, financial management, and other fields can be contracted through outsourcing. As far as Mattel is concerned, the key motivation for outsourcing is to have access to cheap labor,†¦show more content†¦safety standards. Actions taken by Chinese government did solve some problems such as regulation inconsistency and lacking corporate responsibility, but they also created bottlenecks that led to shipment delays at an additional cost to the manufacturers. Uni ted States politicians criticized both Mattel and China and U.S. government along with the European Union threatened to ban toy imports from China unless government inspectors ensure safety. Suggestions for Mattel and China To completely eliminate the trust issue, Mattel should consider moving from outsourcing to offshoring. While it may be costly at first, long-term benefits can be realized as both quality and imitation issue can be successfully addressed. Rather than changing their strategy, Mattel can send their own highly trained employees to work cooperatively with outsourcing manufacturers, supervising their daily activity to ensure quality and compliance instead of testing every toy after the production process is complete. These supervisors should directly report to top officials of the company to ensure an effective information flow. Mattel can also set up compensation incentives to reward contracted manufacturers that offer consistent best quality products. While enforcing manufacturers to sign documents and enhance productionShow MoreRelatedMattel Toys Recall Case Study1197 Words   |  5 PagesMATTEL TOYS RECALL CASE STUDY Product   recall:    On   August   14,   2007,   the   U.S.   Consumer   Product   Safety    Commission   (CPSC)   in   cooperation   with   Mattel   announced   five    different   recalls   of   Mattels   toys.   On   September   4,   Mattel    announced   three   more   recalls.   Some   were   due   to   the   use   of   lead    paint,   while   others   were   due   to Read MoreCase Case Study : Mattel Toy Recall1263 Words   |  6 Pages Case Study 2 – Mattel 1. Do you believe that Mattel acted in a socially responsible and ethical manner with regard to the safety of its toys? Why or Why not? What should or could Mattel have done differently, if anything? As the makers of children’s toys, Mattel has the ultimate responsibility to ensure that every toy is made within the tightest of safety standards. With the case of the Mattel toy recall, the company acted within the spectrum of their code of conduct that was titled Global ManufacturingRead MoreCase Study 2.Mattel Toys Recall5090 Words   |  21 Pagesan overview of the toys industry. The global toy market was estimated to be $71 billion business in 2007. About 36 percent of the global market was concentrated in North America(about $24 billion), but annual sales in this region were growing at a slower pace. However, the asia market had grew at 12 percent in 2006, and were expected to grow by 25 percent , especially in China and India.There are about 880 companies in the toys industry. The main key players such as Mattel, Hasbro, RC2, JAAKSRead MoreMattel and Toy Safety Case Study Answers1026 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study: Mattel and Toy Safety 1. Introduction 1. Situational Analysis Mattel Inc., headquartered in El Segundo, California was the global leader in design, manufacture and marketing of toys and family products. Mattel toy lines included such best selling brands as Barbie, Hot Wheels, Matchbox, American Girl, Radica and Tyco as well as Fisher-Price brands including Little People, Power Wheels and a wide range of entertainment-inspired toys. In 2007, Mattel manufactured aboutRead MoreMattel case study1229 Words   |  5 Pages Case Study Mattel’s Toy Recall And Supply Chain Management Susita Asree5/11/2014 MGMT 516 By: Divangi Shah CWID: 802164541 Why do firms contract overseas for production of products they sell? Answer: The firms contract overseas for production of the products they sell to gain certain advantages from the different countries. One of the biggest advantages is cheap labor that cut down the cost of the products. To get the advantage of the cheap fuel prices and raw materials to make the productsRead MoreMattel and the Toy Recalls1684 Words   |  7 Pages‘Mattel and the Toy Recalls’ (Case A) Related information: Mattel, Inc. is a toy manufacturing company founded in 1945 with headquarters in El Segundo, California. In 2010, it ranked #387 on the Fortune 500. The products and brands it produces include Fisher-Price, Barbie dolls, Monster High dolls, Hot Wheels and Matchbox toys, Masters of the Universe, American Girl dolls, board games, WWE Toys, and early-1980s video game systems. Mattel â€Å"designs, manufactures, and markets a broad variety of toyRead More‚Äà ºMATTEL: CRISIS MANAGEMENT OR MANAGEMENT CRISIS‚Äà ¹1429 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Based in California, Mattel, Inc. designed, manufactured, and marketed a broad variety of toy products. The company’s core product lines included Barbie fashion dolls, Hot Wheels die- cast vehicles, Fisher-Price preschool toys along with Disney toys and games like Scrabble (Johnson, 2010). Summer of 2007, Mattel, a global leader in toy manufacturing was faced with a tough challenge of restoring thei r consumer confidence following several recalls of their toys made in China. Mattel known for possessingRead More2007 Mattel Recall Case Study1704 Words   |  7 Pages Caltagirone OPMG 486 November 18, 2014 MATTEL TOY RECALLS SUMMARY Mattel Incorporated is now the second largest global toy manufacturing company after being the largest toy manufacturer for years (Soloman). Mattel Inc., headquartered in El Segundo, California, produces well-known toys such as Barbie, Hot Wheels, and Fisher-Price toys for children. Mattel is not only a leader in the toy industry with over $6 Billion in sales in 2013 (Soloman), Mattel also leads the industry in corporate responsibilityRead MoreCase Analysis: Mattel and Toy Safety Essay1721 Words   |  7 PagesCase Analysis: Mattel and Toy Safety Introduction Mattel Corporation is the largest toy company in the world, a publicly traded organization with a market capitalization of over $6.5 billion, employing approximately 36,000 people worldwide in 42 countries. Their products are sold in 150 nations (mattel.com). In the summer of 2007, Mattel suffered a major product recall incident. The first recall was the result of vendor failure in China where traces of lead paint were discoveredRead MoreMattel and Ttoy Recalls732 Words   |  3 PagesThe Mattel and the Toy Recalls integrative case poses six questions (four from the case and two from the professor) which will be addressed in this analysis. 1. What went wrong with Mattel’s recall strategy? The strategy used by Mattel in the toy recall was focused on passing the blame to China’s work practices and materials used. Mattel prematurely placed disproportionate blame on Chinese manufacturers and appeared defensive and somewhat fearful. In addition, the toy manufacture delayed reporting

Historical Development Of The Ruled Based System Methodology

Historical Development of the Ruled-based system methodology 95 Computer-based clinical decision support (CDS) system employ decision rules that either uses procedure rules or production rules. A procedure is a compilation of data and logical statements that influence them by using control structures to control the decision-making flow. A rule-based system, utilizing a heuristic approach, comprises a set of statements called production rules. Production rules were initially studied in the 1940s and used in a different field of grammar. According to Greenes (2014), they were created as axioms to aid in rewriting strings as a section of the specification of a formal grammar. This concept was then transferred to solving problems. It took the†¦show more content†¦A final advantage to using the production rule is that only some rules may be altered to achieve a result, compared to modifying the immense code in procedural rule systems (Greenes, 2014). However, the production rules’ independence in itself creates a disadvantage. Due to its independent nature, the output action may not be able to be determined. This is amplified when the knowledge base comprises over one hundred rules in its system. This vast rule system prevents a knowledge engineer from finding similar rules when updating the knowledge base. Hence, specific tools were created to circumvent this issue (Greenes, 2014). Furthermore, a rule-based system can implement either a backward chain reasoning or a forward chain reasoning. In Figure 2.6: Rule-based system, it illustrates the backward chain method, also referred to as goal-directed reasoning. Here, the goal is to diagnose a disorder y which resides in the action part of the equation. Now, the inference engine must ascertain if x (i.e., the condition) is true. Thus, the inference engine locates any data/rules that make the condition x true. The rule is abandoned if it cannot fulfill the goal (Greenes, 2014). In contrast, the forward chain (also known as data driven reasoning) is utilized when data assembles consistently in an application such as in patient monitoring. Here, the inference engine employs new information or concluded values to apply any rulesShow MoreRelatedThe Guiding Rules and Principles of Ragusa During the Middle Ages1070 Words   |  5 Pagesprosperity. Hypothesis: The dissertation of this research report will focus on demonstrating how Ragusa’s economy flourished in the Middle Ages, along with the activities that were conducted to promote the well-being of the civilians of this city. Methodology: This report triggers the interest to research the different methods that Ragusa utilized to promote its economic status and the activities that were conducted to promote a healthy economy. During this research, qualitative research methods willRead MoreWhat Are the Differences and Similarities Between Marxs and Webers Understandings of Capitalist Society?2939 Words   |  12 Pageswould try to discuss the differences and similarities of their understanding of the historical development of capitalist society; their view on social stratification on capitalist society and their understanding on the operation and future prediction of the capitalist society in three parts. Understanding of the historical development of capitalist society The different perspective of Marx and Webers methodology to the understanding of human history underline an important divergence of their understandingRead MoreWhat Are the Differences and Similarities Between Marxs and Webers Understandings of Capitalist Society?2948 Words   |  12 Pageswould try to discuss the differences and similarities of their understanding of the historical development of capitalist society; their view on social stratification on capitalist society and their understanding on the operation and future prediction of the capitalist society in three parts. Understanding of the historical development of capitalist society The different perspective of Marx and Webers methodology to the understanding of human history underline an important divergence of their understandingRead MoreChin An Entrepreneur Economy With Tyrant Government1591 Words   |  7 Pagesmajority rules system goes as one. The American arrangement towards China had key components to empower unhindered commerce, open markets and direct venture, for China to wind up more fruitful and united ii the worldwide business sector. American policymakers suspected that China would get to be law based. For vote based system to be in real life they must be focuses of force outer to government. Free enterprise decentralizes financial power, and gives private ground in which vote based system can produceRead MoreA Critical Look in Current Events Facing Juveniles in the Juvenile Justice System1802 Words   |  8 Pages A Critical Look in Current Events Facing Juveniles in the Juvenile justice system The juvenile justice system was founded on the belief that juveniles should be rehabilitated from committing crime. It was the belief of the government that juveniles do not posses the cognitive reasoning of adults, therefore should not be punished as adults. The juvenile court was formed in 1899 with the belief that the government needs to play a more active role in the rehabilitation of juveniles. This beliefRead MoreLanguage Structure Of Syntax Instruction Essay1737 Words   |  7 Pagesstructure mistakenly without acknowledging it, so now I see why educators were so unyielding when teaching syntax lessons. I think with the end goal for individuals to comprehend why learning language structure is so essential, they should know the historical backdrop of syntax instruction. It is vital to first give a meaning of language structure. Among different definitions of sentence structure in writing, the accompanying three implications appear to precisely speak to usually acknowledged comprehensionRead MoreA Unified Accountability System For All Law Enforcement Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: A Unified Accountability System for All Law Enforcement Topic: Police Accountability Specific Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of centralized procedures directed by the DOJ, which ensures every law enforcement agency and police officer have the same process for action accountability, and how the procedures will foster lawfulness and legitimacy within the community. I. Introduction A. Accountability in law enforcement is an element that is vital toRead MoreSocial Facts, Social Actions and Historical Materialism: a Theoretical Comparison3896 Words   |  16 Pagesthinkers in the broader historical and epistemological context of their times. I shall present the main concepts of their theories and their methodologies. Then in an attempt of comparison, I will spot similarities and differences between them and summarize the sociological research strategies, which are coming from their ideas. In the concluding part of this essay, I will argue that Social Facts and actions are useful conceptions for the study of social phenomena, but Historical Materialism, providesRead MoreEthnic and Religious Conflict in Nigeria3148 Words   |  13 Pagesinto a nation. Thereafter, the merging of different colonies into one country called Nigeria was forcefully done without the peoples consent. This was a major seed of conflict that is still troubling Nigeria today. This article i s focused on the historical incidents of ethnic conflicts in within Nigeria societies, the cause of the conflicts and perhaps, the government actions towards ethnic conflict in the country. In conclusion, this paper will explore into decision-making (by the elites and thoseRead MoreRole of Regional Political Parties on India4517 Words   |  19 Pages...............................1 2. OBJECTIVES................................................................................2 3. HYPOTHESIS............................................................................... 3 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY................................................. 4 5. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................5 6. HISTORY amp; FORMATION OF REGIONAL POLITICAL PARTIES........................................

Sybil - 1301 Words

SYBIL 1. What is your diagnosis? Cite behaviors for support. Sybil Dorsetts case is one of the most celebrated in the field of Psychology. In the first part of the film, we can see that Sybil is like just any normal human being Ââ€" has a job and interacts with people just like everyone else. Then the scene wherein a screeching sound is made by the playground swing come in and we are now presented with what seems to be a flashback of someone being hoisted up by an old woman. Its just normal to have flashbacks yes, but what made me think that this girl, Sybil, really has a problem was when, as she was leading the kids that she teach back to the bus, all of a sudden, she found herself in the water. And the odd thing here is that she did†¦show more content†¦They may use this so as to protect themselves from the pain or trauma that they are currently experiencing and by doing this going way, one continues to function normally. In the film, amongst the different alternate personalities that she was believed to have, we have met a few of the identities being portrayed by Sybil: Peggy, the nine-year old child and Vicky, the one who seems to know everything that each person inside Sybil does, was a sophisticated, self-assured French woman; she claims to be being friends to each one of the alter personalities. Whenever Sybil feels something that she would not be able to handle as Sybil herself, she then switches to one of the personalities inside her in order to be able to face the situation. This switching has sort of become her survival technique in facing life. 2. How did she develop this disorder? Be specific. When Sybil was at a very young age, she continued to experience abuse Ââ€" physical, emotional and sexual. Sybils tortures were primarily inflicted by her mother. There was one time wherein her mother tied her up and hoisted her up a pulley and then locked her inside the box with her purple crayon. This happened a day before Christmas and so after that, Sybil has disliked the day before Christmas. She was also prevented by her mother to do things that kids her age usually do Ââ€" like play with her crayons, hop and sing to songs while going around the house and spend time with herShow MoreRelatedMultiple Personalities in Sybil Essay879 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Personalities in Sybil Do you ever feel as though you are acting as a different person in different situations? Do you ever feel as though acting fake? You are definitely not alone in your thoughts and feelings, but do note that there is always something or someone more extreme than you are. One such person is the character of Sybil Dorsett, in Flora Rheta Schreibers novel, Sybil. The novel, Sybil, takes a look at multiple personalities within a person. It is based on theRead MoreAnalysis Of Shirley Ardell Mason s Sybil 1080 Words   |  5 PagesShirley Ardell Mason also known as (Sybil) was quietly living in Lexington Kentucky, and had ran a art business out of her home in the 1970s. She later died on Feb 26, 1998 from breast cancer due to declining treatment. There was a movie based on Shirley Ardell Mason Life called â€Å"Sybil† which came out in 1976, her real name wasn’t used in the book or movie because she wanted to protect her identity. The movie depicted on what Shirley had gone through as child, which included physical, emotional,Read MoreDissociative Identity Disorder : Dissociative Identification Disorder1485 Words   |  6 Pagessights. Although this a good statement, this argument is invalid. The movie â€Å"Sybil† was released in 1976. â€Å"Sybil† was based around the idea of a girl who had Dissociative Identity Disorder but did not know she had it. After this movie was released the cases of people of Dissociative Identity skyrocketed. There were nearly hundreds of cases of Dissociative Identity Disorder before the movie was released. After Sybil was released there were thousands of cases diagnosed. People will argue the amountRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1081 Words   |  5 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sybil Isabel Dorsett, a shy, twenty-two-year-old substitute teacher, became an interesting case, when the Sybil came into a mental health facility complaining of severe memory loss that resulted in unknown store bought items, â€Å"waking up,† in strange place, and severe social anxiety that again resulted in a loss of time, and memory, blackouts, and emotional breakdowns, in public places. What was first thought to be hysteria, turned into another problem, after experiencing some of the patientsRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Mpd )1170 Words   |  5 Pagesof destroyed products with no clue what she had done. Shortly after the admission, different personalities started to emerge in therapy. Mason’s story about her horrible childhood and her multiple personalities was turned into a best-selling book, Sybil, and it was turned into an immensely popular TV miniseries of the same name featuring Sally Fields (Grimminck). Moreover, in 1994, Dissociative Identity Disorder was finally recognized within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersRead MoreEssay on What Does Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Truly Means?616 Words   |  3 Pagesyoung girl named Sybil. First things first, the name Sybil has plenty symbolism. Does the name Sybil Isabel Dorsett ring a bell? It was a cover up name for the real Shirley Ardell Mason who was diagnosed with multiple personality disorder, now known as DID. Her life began January 25, 1923 and early on her symptoms scared not only her own schizophrenic mother, but also everyone who came into contact with her. The point of this rant is to expose the symbolism on how the name Sybil is associatedRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder And Media Depictions3153 Words   |  13 Pageshave been many portrayals of Dissociative Identity Disorder over the years and the following three barely scratch the surface. The first and perhaps most influential media portrayal is the film Sybil. This film is about a young woman by the name of Sybil Dorsett, an art student studying in New York City. Sybil suffers from black outs and after finding herself in Philadelphia with no recollection of how she got there, and apparen tly having been there for a week, she begins seeking psychiatric help. SheRead MoreHow Does Dissociative Identity Disorder?872 Words   |  4 Pagesassaulted her while her mother emotionally abused her for 12 years. Sources later discovered that she had 92 different personalities that all varied with different incidents as she grew up, almost similar to a more famous case with a woman known as â€Å"Sybil†. Imagine having to live in environments where one just could not be a child and always having to defend themselves or not in some cases. Sexual assault could be almost the most dominant cause of women creating multiple personalities. All the personalitiesRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder1030 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the 1980s psychology professionals called the disorder â€Å"multiple personality†. It became very well known to the public thanks to the famous books and movies made about the disorder such as â€Å"The Three Faces of Eve† (Thigpen Cleckley, 1992) and â€Å"Sybil† (Schreiber, 1973). Ciccarelli and White (2012) also stated that other symptoms may also be present such as depression, anxiety and/or guilt. Sometimes aggressive behavior is also present, as well as some hallucinations and visions. Nature vs. NurtureRead MoreReflection Of Sybil1496 Words   |  6 Pages Sybil is about a woman who receives treatment over the course of 10 years for her multiple personalities. Part one of the book starts with Sybil in her chemistry classroom, the crash of glass makes her head throb. It takes her back to broken glass in the drugstore, and the broken glass in the big dining room. Both times there had been an accusing voice: â€Å"You broke it.†(Sybil pg. 23). At this time Sybil was not sure why she would disappear, and come to in random parts of the city, or states. She

Creating False Memories Remembering Words †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Explain On Creating False Memories Remembering Words? Answer: Introducation Aim of the research was to investigate false recall in a standard list learning paradigm. The aim of Experiment 1 was to replicate Deese's (1959) observations of false recall by using six lists that produced among the highest levels of erroneous recall in his experiments, along with in-depth purpose in experiment 2. Bartlett (1932) conducted primary experimental investigations of false memories, where he showed distortions in subjects memories to recall the memory, but no aggregate data have been reported. On the other hand, Wheeler and Roediger (1992) revealed that over repeated tests in short delay, false memory can be improved. Underwood (1965) provided a method to study false recognition of words in lists. Gillund and Shiffrin (1984) did not find a false recognition result for semantically related lures in similar paradigm. A potential exception was found in the study of Deese (1959), revealing false recall in a standard list learning paradigm. In experiment 1, participants were 36 and in experiment 2 30 participants were included in the study. The six lists from the materials used in the study were included from Deeses (1959) article. Authors selected 6 targets, which gave highest intrusion rates in Deeses test, with one exception; these are needle, chair, rough, sleep, mountain, and sweet. For every critical word, the corresponding list has been conducted by getting the initial associates according to Russell and Jenkins's (1954) word association norms. On the other hand, for the 42 item recognition test, 12 studied and 30 non-studied items. Three types of non-studied items were the 6 critical target words, 12 words unrelated to the six list items and 12 words weakly related to the lists. Next, weekly related words from 13th position have been drawn along with the association norms. The test sequence was constructed in blocks, i.e. 7 items per block, where every block is related t the study list and the blocks order represented the order of studying the lists. During regular class meeting, test subjects were tested in a group. Instruction was given that they have to listen to some list of words and have to write those based on memory, in examination booklets. They had to follow the order of writing words, last to first ones. They were told not to guess and write only those words, upon which they had confidence. In this context, authors read aloud with 1 word per 1.5 seconds rate and instructed to recall after completion of every list. Participants got 2.5 min to recall the list. Prior instructing for recognition list and after completing the 6th list, a brief conversation for 2-3 mins were done, followed by instructed about another test, where they have to point words in a sheet that these were surely in the list. Finally, participants were asked to elevate their hand, if they recognized critical lures and six target items in the test (Roediger McDermott, 1995). There were four reasons provided for conducting experiment 2 in the current research. First, authors wanted to duplicate and make bigger the recall and recognition results of experiment 1 in a wider context; second they wished to test the effect of recall on the recognition test. Third, it was critical to reveal the false alarm rates for critical non-presented items, in case the relevant list is not presented previously. The fourth and the most important reason for conducting experiment 2 that has been highlighted by the authors was to gain the view of judgment of subjects regarding their phenomenological experience, associated with recognition of non-presented items (Roediger McDermott, 1995). In experiment 2, authors aimed to make a further judgement for each item judged by the subjects; i.e. whether they can remember or they know these items in the study list. Remember was defined as the experience, where the participant is able to relive the experience. On the other hand, know judgement was developed in case, where participants have enough confidence regarding the presence of the subjects in the previous study list, but are unable to re-experience the occurrence. Therefore, it can be said that the remember judgements include a mental reliving of memory, whereas know judgement do not include such phenomenon (Roediger McDermott, 1995). In experiment 2, remember-know judgements had been used for observing whether participants, recognizing the critical nonpresented words might report the remember experience, indicating these as the mentally re-experiencing events, which never appeared. The results in experiment 1 revealed that in high confidence response, subjects were sure about critical non-studied items had been studied more than half time, when the rate of unrelated as well as weakly related critical lures were falling into the category approaching zero. In this context, the hit rate was still high, which was higher than the false-alarm rate for each critical lures. The results also showed that the judgements provided by subjects for the critical lures were similar to the studied items compared to the other types of lures. These results confirmed the Deese (1959) results. Overall, two experiments were done, which gained significant level of false recall as well as false recognition in a list learning paradigm. In experiment 1, on immediate free recall tests, 40 % recall of time was reported in non-presented associates and was later recognized with high confidence. On the other hand, experiment 2 revealed false recall rate of 55 % was obtained on a recognition test and expanded set of lists. Participants produced false alarms to these items at a comparable rate with hit rate. Overall, the study revealed a critical illusion of memory has been found (Roediger McDermott, 1995) From the prior research, the author stated that the false reorganization affect the participants where as the prior research stated that it does not affect the participants. The five category people were listed in the experiment, whereas false reorganization is about 8% and non category members are 35%. From the associative processes, error can occur on the recall as well as reorganization in the memory. To increase the tendency of producing the false alarms different models like SAM model was used that helped in the prior research (Roediger McDermott, 1995). The author has shown that the false recognition is related to the indirect implication of the issues in real life. However, from the introduction, it is seen that the effects can be small in the magnitude. From the experiment it is found that the results are similar with the previous work of 1960s and 1970s. The experiments showed the false recall in the paradigm, which w2as predicted by probability in the free association tests. The false memories may await the systematic experimental study (Roediger McDermott, 1995). However, some of the experiments showed that some of the false recall did not elicit individuals. Long term memory refers to the phase and the types of memory that is responsible to store the information for the comprehensive period of time. In the long term memory, memories are stored for the long period of time and people can recognize the old things (Cermak, 2014). As the memory stored in the long term memory sector, people can recognize the incident for the several period of time. Long term memory is of two types that are semantic memory and the episodic memory. The systematic memory is the idea and the concept, which is not related to the personal memory. Episodic memory is related to the personal memory, in which people can recognize the particular incidence of the personal things (Hasson, Chen Honey, 2015). Example of episodic memory is remembering the name of people and the last interaction with that person. On the other hand, semantic memory is reorganization of the meaning of some words or remembering the fractions and mathematical solutions. Particular incidences like any type of accidents can be stored in the memories of people, which are known as the long term memory. The semantic memory does not depend on the context memory. The abstract of the article does not concise the aim and the purpose of the study. Moreover, the abstract does not state the research hypothesis, research design, research result and the implication of the result. However, the abstract provided the idea of the discussion as it stated about two experiments. The rates of the false recalls are stated in the abstract. The abstract does not have the key word list that used while search. On the 5- point rating scale that is ranged from 1 to 5, it can be said that the abstract is poor and can be rated 1. The reason of such rating is that the abstract did not state the aim of the study as well as the research hypothesis and research design. Reference List Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press Cermak, L. S. (Ed.). (2014).Human memory and amnesia (PLE: Memory)(Vol. 4). Psychology Press. Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurrence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 17-22 Gillund, G., Shiffrin, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model for both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91, 1-67. Hasson, U., Chen, J., Honey, C. J. (2015). Hierarchical process memory: memory as an integral component of information processing.Trends in cognitive sciences,19(6), 304-313. Roediger, H. L., McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists.Journal of experimental psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,21(4), 803. Russell, W. A., Jenkins, J. J. (1954). The complete Minnesota norms for responses to 100 words from the Kent-Rosanoff Word Association Test. (Tech. Rep. No. 11, Contract N8 ONR 66216, Office of Naval Research). University of Minnesota Underwood, B. J. (1965). False recognition produced by implicit verbal responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70, 122-129. Wheeler, M. A., Roediger, H. L., III. (1992). Disparate effects of repeated testing: Reconciling Ballard's (1913) and Bartlett's (1932) results. Psychological Science, 3, 240-245

Pursuit of Happiness free essay sample

Pursuit of Happiness Antoinette Rosemin PSY/220 February 24, 2013 Axia College of the University of Phoenix Pursuit of Happiness Individual all over the world have their own meaning of Happiness. Every culture has there on meaning and way of what happiness means to them. Happiness all depends on a person’s traditions, religions, and ways of living. For some, happiness could be waking up every morning spending time with family and friends and for others it could mean being loyal to their country, making money, and having nice things. Each and every person has their own perspective on happiness. It’s important to realize and note that the way of happiness is portrayed its difference. People normally portray happiness with the perfect family setting, having a good job, and being wealthy and no one has any problems and everyone looks happy. This is what you would call a stereotype of what happiness looks like. At this point in the story, Siddhartha is willing to do anything to get his fathers permission to become a Samana. Once he earns his fathers blessing, Siddhartha becomes a Samana and leaves behind all the advantages he had in life. This shows that Siddhartha is not ruled by material things. Siddhartha shows that making decisions solely on what will make him happy is the rue way to find happiness. With no regard for money or pleasing others, many would call Siddhartha selfish; however, any happy person must be selfish because if a person is not fulfilling his or her needs then he or she is not truly happy. On the other side, if someone is fulfilling his or her needs, he or she is, in some ways, selfish. In chapter eight, Siddhartha raves and is elated over a simple nights sleep: What a wonderful sleep it had been! Never had sleep so refreshed him, so renewed him, so rejuvenated him! Perhaps he had really died, perhaps he had been drowned and was reborn in another form. No, he recognized himself, he recognized his hands and feet, the place where he lay and the Self in his breast, Siddhartha, self-willed, individualistic. But this Siddhartha was somewhat changed, renewed. He had slept wonderfully. He was remarkably awake, happy and curious (91). This shows that Siddhartha enjoys the simple things in life and he is happy. By the end of his life, Siddhartha is happy and enlightened; however, he is not unwaveringly happy throughout his life. Siddhartha goes through depression and even thoughts of suicide. After leaving his wife and child -Who once were what made him happy- Siddhartha contemplates suicide but after being found by the river, Siddhartha realizes that life is worth living. He later discovers the beauty of depression: Things are going downhill with you! he said to himself, and laughed about it, and as he was saying it, he happened to glance at the river, and he also saw the river going downhill, always moving on downhill, and singing and being happy through it all. He liked this well, kindly he smiled at the river. Was this not the river in which he had intended to drown himself, in past times, a hundred years ago, or had he dreamed this? (96). Siddhartha goes from rich to poor to rich again to poor again, yet through almost every change in his life, Siddhartha remains happy. An unknowingly eerie real life comparison to Siddhartha is former NFL running back: Ricky Williams. Like Siddhartha, Ricky Williams went through life and did whatever made him happy and did not let outside intluences make decisions tor him since ne simply d whatever made him the happiest. Williams, like Siddhartha, started his Journey as a young man with many advantages. Being a superstar athlete, Williams received a full ride scholarship to the University of Texas. After three years of being the big man on campus, Williams entered the NFL draft in 1999 and was selected fifth overall by the New Orleans Saints. After three successful seasons with the Saints, Williams was traded to the Miami Dolphins. After testing positive for a couple of drug tests, Williams was faced with a short suspension. However, Ricky Williams shocked the world by announcing his retirement from football in the prime of his career, similar to Siddharthas choice to embark on Samana life. Williams was finding himself lost in superstardom and was no longer enjoying the game he so dearly loved. The Miami Dolphins demanded money back off of Williams contract claiming that he had not held up his end of the bargain. Williams did not care about the money though. In the next year Williams downgraded to a modest house and lived with his long time girlfriend. Williams even spent time living off the grid in Australia and struggled with diagnosed clinical depression problems. After a one-year sabbatical from the game, Williams returned to his homeland of happiness and played organized football for the next six years and made more money but only because he could; Williams could have played football for free because it was his true passion. This part in Williams life is similar to Siddharthas time spent with Kamala in the way that Siddhartha did become a wealthy business man but only because that was what made him happy. Siddhartha makes a similar decision as Williams when he says, He could have remained much longer with Kamaswami, made and squandered money, fed his body and neglected his soul; he could have dwelt for a long time yet in that soft, well upholstered hell, if this had not happened: the moment of complete hopelessness and despair and the tense moment when he had bent over the flowing water, ready o commit suicide. This despair, this extreme nausea which he had experienced had not overpowered him. The bird, the clear spring and voice within him was still alive that was why he rejoiced, that was why he laughed, that was why his face was radiant under his gray hair (98). The point of the comparison is that even people who seem to have it all may be lacking happiness, which to Siddhartha and Ricky Williams is the most important aspect of life. Williams life took him all sorts of ways and through years of trying to find inner peace he was able to be a happy man Just like Siddhartha. As Siddhartha says in chapter nine, my path had once led me from his hut toa new life which is now old and dead (101). Siddharthas happiness is a vital theme throughout Hermann Hesses novel. Rightfully so, Hesse shows happiness as one of the main goals of life. Similarly to Siddhartha, Ricky Williams also displays happiness through almost all walks of life and they both prove that one must suffer and do some searching before finding his or her true happiness. Through disregard of others opinions and societys view of happiness is the only way to find oneself and the only way that Siddhartha could find himself and reach enlightenment.